Identifying Language
Language is an identification for different cultures, as it is essential for communication. It influences the political, social, and economic.
As a result, the economic and religious system frequently follows patterns of language and distributions. And also political borders quite often parallel linguistic boundaries.
In the Modern Age, linguistic diffusion is influenced by trade, tourism, media, and international organization. This developed linguistic pluralism. Heterogeneous societies attribute the greatest linguistic diversity.
Language families
The classification by languages origins and historic development is known as a genetic classification. The languages which are the descendants of common ancestral language are called Proto-Language.
G.L. Trage classified the world into 7 linguistic phylum and 30 linguistic families. Language families are further classified into several subfamilies.
Major Language families and language groups
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian, Latin, Romantic, Germanic, Balto-Slavic, Celtic, Hellenic
Sino-Tibetan
Chinese, Tibetan, Burman
Afro-Asiatic
Semitic, Egyptian, Cushitic, Chadic
African
Niger-Congo (Atlantic, Voltaic, Benu-Nagar), Sudanic (Chari-Nile, Saharan), Click Languages (Khoisan)
Ural-Altaic
Finno-Igric, Turkic, Mangolic, Tunguzic
Dravidian
Malayo, Polynesian, Malayan, Melanesian, Micronesian, Polynesian, Austro-Asiatic
Palaeo Asiatic
Yukaghir
Major languages in India
It has its own language and dialects. As per the 1961 census of India, it is estimated to have 187 languages. About 97% of people of India speak 23 major languages excluding English.
India follows Kashmiri, Punjabi, Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Assamese, Gujarati, Marathi, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Sindhi, Sanskrit, Oriya, Nepali, Kongani, Manipuri, Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santali.
Austric
Munda, Mon-Khmer
Dravidian
Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Gondi, Kurukh, Orean etc
Sino-Tibetan
Bodo, Karen, Manipuri
Indo-Aryan
Hindi, Urdu, Sans